On the other hand, you may want to account for all potentialities. Perhaps your area of interest will not include any of the anomalies I've mentioned. For reference, each section is 640 acres. This system can be thought of as a big grid of squares. The township and range system was adopted in the Governmental Land Surveys in 1785 and has been used ever since. To see this complexity first-hand, Washington state townships/section data can be downloaded here, and here's the metadata. Townships run north and south, and range lines run east and west. Additionally, there are other types of subdivisions in addition to sections (including donation land claims, federal tracts, and protracted blocks). However, townships and their subdivisions may deviate - both in number and in shape - for a variety of reasons, from the difficulties encountered while surveying through rugged terrain to fraudulent 1800's era survey reports compiled not in the field, but at the local watering hole (or so I've been told - I'm not a surveyor).įor example, in Washington State, half-townships were added to "fill in the gaps" between different initial survey projects that did not properly meet up. PSO-5.B.2 Rural settlement patterns are classified as clustered, dispersed, or linear.
To add what Rudy Stricklan states, the nominal township is a square, six miles on a side, containing 36 evenly-divided sections. PSO-5.B.1 Specific agricultural practices shape different rural land-use patterns.
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